Voltage Source Converter based High Voltage Direct Current Transmission: A Comprehensive Review of Control Strategies, Developments and Trends

Abstract

The continuous increasing progress in high power and high voltage semiconductor devices leads to have a substantial impact on optimization and effective management of electric grids. These developments have great influence on High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) and flexible ac controller technologies. This article gives an outline of the innovations in Voltage source Converter (VSC) based HVDC technology. VSC based HVDC technology offers decent advantages which includes interconnection of asynchronous networks, bulk power transmission and voltage stability support. VSC based HVDC technology niche utilities to grab opportunities in incorporating large scale renewable energy sources to the grid, especially on shore /offshore wind energy to the grid. Furthermore, VSC-based HVDC technology is essential for maintaining voltage stability in networks of interconnected grids. In the face of changing loads and the incorporation of renewable energy, these systems help to maintain grid dependability and resilience by offering dynamic voltage management and wattless power support.This article highlights the transformative potential of VSC-based HVDC technology in modernizing and future-proofing electric grids. By leveraging the latest innovations in semiconductor devices and control technologies, VSC-based HVDC systems empower grid operators to overcome existing challenges and embrace the opportunities presented by the evolving energy landscape.