Volatile Profiles of Five Variants of Abeliophyllum distichum Flowers Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) Analysis.

Yeong-Geun Lee,Seung-Ok Yang,Youn-Hyung Lee,Jeon Hwang-Bo,Won-Sil Choi,Nam-In Baek,Hyoun-Geun Kim,Se Chan Kang,Minzhe Fang,Tae-Hoo Yi

doi:10.3390/plants10020224

Abstract

Abeliophyllum distichum (Oleaceae), which is the only species in the monotypic genus and is grown only on the Korean peninsula, has a high scarcity value. Its five variants (white, pink, round, blue, and ivory) have different morphological characteristics in terms of the color of petals and sepals or shape of the fruits. Despite its high value, there has been no study on variant classification except in terms of their morphological characteristics. Thus, we performed a volatile component analysis of A. distichum flowers and multivariate data analyses to reveal the relationship between fragments emitted from five variants of A. distichum flowers with their morphological characteristics. As a result, 66 volatile components of this plant were identified by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), showing unique patterns for each set of morphological characteristics, especially the color of the petals. These results suggest that morphological characteristics of each variant are related to the volatile composition.

Highlights

Flower fragrances and pigments are characteristics of various insect-pollinated flowers; they serve as a major signal to lure pollinating insects to the reproductive organs. [1,2].The fragrances of various flowers have been used in perfumery due to their pleasant effects on the human sensory system, and some of them have been synthesized for production of artificial perfumes [3]
Among the various Korean plants, Abeliophyllum distichum (Oleaceae), which is the only species in a monotypic genus (Abeliophyllum) and is grown only in the Korean peninsula, has high scarcity value [5]
Identification of volatiles was conducted on the basis of the total ion chromatogram (TIC) from the measurement of five variants of A. distichum flowers using HS-solid-phase micro extraction (SPME)

Summary

Introduction

Flower fragrances and pigments are characteristics of various insect-pollinated flowers; they serve as a major signal to lure pollinating insects to the reproductive organs. [1,2].The fragrances of various flowers (e.g., lilac, rose, jasmine) have been used in perfumery due to their pleasant effects on the human sensory system, and some of them have been synthesized for production of artificial perfumes [3]. Among the various Korean plants, Abeliophyllum distichum (Oleaceae), which is the only species in a monotypic genus (Abeliophyllum) and is grown only in the Korean peninsula, has high scarcity value [5]. Previous phytochemical studies of these plants have focused on just the leaves, and they reported that four phenylethanoid glycosides and two flavonoids are components of these plants [9,10,11]. These compounds have been reported to have anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-hypertension, anti-diabetes, and neuroprotection effects [10,11,12,13]

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