Abstract
Focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOC) of Ocimum basilicum, this study aims to determine the chemical composition of VOC in secretory trichomes and compare it with that of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves. The technique of extracting the content of glandular trichomes refers to the microneedle shuttle analysis. Hydrodistillation of fresh leaves was done with a Clevenger distiller (EO). The chemical compositions were determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. The head of the capitate trichomes does not contain volatile compounds. Fifty volatile compounds were detected in the EO, and twenty-four volatile compounds were detected in the VOC; the main components were eugenol (from 15.47 ± 1.05% to 41.89 ± 2.83%) and linalool (from 32.05 ± 2.57% to 28.99 ± 2.32%), respectively. During the distillation of the basil leaves 26 artifacts are formed. The composition of the essential oil of O. basilicum therefore depends not only on the plant but also on the method used to obtain it.
Highlights
IntroductionThe aromatic leaves, flowers, and seeds are added to foods and beverages for flavor; extracted as active ingredient for use in perfumes, soaps, cosmetics, and dental products; they are included in traditional herbal medicines to treat fevers, headaches, kidney problems, gum ulcers, childbirths, rheumatoid arthritis, and menstrual irregularities [4,5,6]
Fifty volatile compounds were detected in the EO, and twenty-four volatile compounds were detected in the volatile organic compounds (VOC); the main components were eugenol and linalool
The head of the capitate trichomes does not contain volatile compounds and this in accordance with the numerous histochemical observations made on this type of trichomes [25,26]
Summary
The aromatic leaves, flowers, and seeds are added to foods and beverages for flavor; extracted as active ingredient for use in perfumes, soaps, cosmetics, and dental products; they are included in traditional herbal medicines to treat fevers, headaches, kidney problems, gum ulcers, childbirths, rheumatoid arthritis, and menstrual irregularities [4,5,6]. Beside these traditional medical uses, recent scientific studies have demonstrated potent antioxidant [7], antiviral [8], and anti-proliferative activities [9] of some compounds occurring in
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