Abstract
In situ observation of liquid water accumulation in PEMFCs operating at 30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC was performed by using high-resolution soft X-ray radiography. A less amount of liquid water in the MPL and GDL was observed in the elevated operating temperature. It is suggested that water generated in the electrode is mainly transported as vapor at higher temperature conditions investigated. The liquid water accumulation was significantly smaller in the MPL than in the GDL, independently observed in all operating temperature.
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