Visualization of isothermal crystallization and phase separation in poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]/poly(L-lactic acid) by low-frequency Raman imaging

Abstract

The visualization of the variation of the inter/intra molecular interaction (C = O⋯CH3) between poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) in the PHB/PLLA miscible blend during phase separation and crystallization process was successfully investigated using Raman imaging. Images of the blend were developed using high- and low-frequency Raman spectra acquired during the isothermal crystallization of the blend, and both of them were compared. The low-frequency region allowed to observe the changes in the hydrogen bonds between the molecular chains in the blend during phase separation and crystallization via a band at 75 cm−1 derived from PHB. The imaging results obtained using the band at 75 cm−1 due to hydrogen bonding (C = O⋯CH3) between molecular chains were in good agreement with the results obtained using the C = O stretching band at 1720 cm−1. Herein, we demonstrated that the low-frequency region of the Raman spectrum is more sensitive to detecting the start of the phase separation and crystallization of PHB than the corresponding high-frequency region.