Visualization of Dimensional Effects in Collective Excitations of Optically Trapped Quasi-Two-Dimensional Bose Gases

Abstract

In quasi-two dimensions (quasi-2D), where excitations are frozen in one direction, the scattering amplitudes exhibit 2D features of the particle motion and a 3D to 2D dimensional crossover emerges in the behavior of scattering. We explore its physical consequences, capitalizing on a hidden connection between the Pitaevskii-Rosch dynamical symmetry and breathing modes. We find broken Pitaevskii-Rosch symmetry by arbitrarily small 2D effects, inducing a frequency shift in breathing modes. The predicted shift rises significantly from the order of 0.5% to more than 5% in transiting from the 3D-scattering to the 2D-scattering regime. Comparisons with other relevant effects suggest our results are observable within current experimental capabilities.