Visualization and Analysis of Brain Function Using Multi-Modality Image Integration

C.-T Chen,D Dooley,J.-S Chou,M Wernick,T Brown,J Yap,X Ouyang,M Cooper,J Metz,S.-Y Chen,M Jiang,C E Ordonez,X Yu

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_92

C.-T Chen, D Dooley + Show 11 more

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_92

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Multi-modality image integration, in which functional positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images are co-registered spatially with structural x-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images, can provide new knowledge of correlates of brain function and brain structure that was difficult to access previously. For visualization and analysis of brain function, we have used this concept in the following areas: (1) Image reconstruction: We have developed a Bayesian data augmentation method that uses Gibbs prior for incorporation of high-resolution structural information extracted from the correlated CT and MR images in reconstruction of functional PET images. (2) Image segmentation and visualization: We have developed multi-spectral approaches for segmenting brain images into entities of functional/structural importance based on the integrated PET, CT, and multiple MR images. These segmented regions can be displayed in both 2-D and 3-D by using various visualization techniques. (3) Brain function mapping: Brain activation using PET has become a powerful tool for mapping brain functions in health and disease. Image subtraction techniques applied to a pair of images acquired respectively under baseline and activated conditions form the basis for detecting subtle and localized brain functions. Image integration is useful in correction for possible shifts in subject position between two separate scans, in quantitative interpolation between slices for localizing small and subtle brain functional signals, and in overlaying of the detected brain function signals with structural MR or CT images for providing accurate localization of the physiology/anatomy correlates. These image integration approaches provide improvements in reconstruction accuracy and useful new tools for visualization, as well as powerful new techniques for brain mapping. When used in combination, understanding of certain brain functions that were difficult to assess previously becomes accessible.

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