Abstract
In the paradigm of mirror visual feedback, it remains unclear how images of the mirrored hand directly affect the sense of motion of the hidden hand (kinesthetic illusion). To examine this question, we created an original mirror visual feedback setup using a horizontal mechanism of motion for the mirror and the hidden hand, each of which could independently be given a specific velocity. It should be noted that this setup can cause the hand viewed in the mirror to move without the involvement of the visible hand. In the experiment, the participants reported the felt direction of the hidden hand’s displacement (left/right) after 4 s dual movements with quasi-randomized velocities. It was found that the subjective direction of motion of the hidden hand was strongly biased toward the direction of the mirror. Further, anatomical congruency was found to affect kinesthetic illusion for cases where the mirror approaches the visible hand.
Highlights
Mirror visual feedback (MVF) is a well-known method of modulating the body image using the image of a hand viewed in a mirror, using a specific mirror box setup, which was first created during the mid-1990s (Ramachandran & Rogers-Ramachandran, 1996; Ramachandran, Rogers-Ramachandran, & Cobb, 1995)
The effectiveness of mirror therapy differs from patient to patient (Ramachandran & Altschuler, 2009), suggesting that the cognitive process that takes place during MVF has a strong sensitivity to individual sensorial preference
This means that the movement of the mirrored hand yielded an illusory sense of motion, even without the physical movement of both hands, and that the illusory direction of the hidden hand movement was sometimes felt in the opposite direction of the physical movement
Summary
Mirror visual feedback (MVF) is a well-known method of modulating the body image using the image of a hand viewed in a mirror, using a specific mirror box setup, which was first created during the mid-1990s (Ramachandran & Rogers-Ramachandran, 1996; Ramachandran, Rogers-Ramachandran, & Cobb, 1995). The identification of the sensorial factors that are critical to yielding kinesthetic illusion during MVF would be especially significant
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