Abstract
Aim::This study aimed to detect putative virulence genes in Arcobacter species of animal and human origin.Materials and Methods::A total of 41 Arcobacter isolates (16 Arcobacter butzleri, 13 Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and 12 Arcobacter skirrowii) isolated from diverse sources such as fecal swabs of livestock (21), raw foods of animal origin (13), and human stool samples (7) were subjected to a set of six uniplex polymerase chain reaction assays targeting Arcobacter putative virulence genes (ciaB, pldA, tlyA, mviN, cadF, and cj1349).Results::All the six virulence genes were detected among all the 16 A. butzleri isolates. Among the 13 A. cryaerophilus isolates, cadF, ciaB, cj1349, mviN, pldA, and tlyA genes were detected in 61.5, 84.6, 76.9, 76.9, 61.5, and 61.5% of isolates, respectively. Among the 12 A. skirrowii isolates, cadF, ciaB, cj1349, mviN, pldA, and tlyA genes were detected in 50.0, 91.6, 83.3, 66.6, 50, and 50% of isolates, respectively.Conclusion::Putative virulence genes were detected in majority of the Arcobacter isolates examined. The results signify the potential of Arcobacter species as an emerging foodborne pathogen.
Highlights
The genus Arcobacter encompasses a group of Gram-negative, fastidious, nonspore forming, motile, spirally curved rods of the family Campylobacteraceae [1]
Putative virulence genes were detected in majority of screened Arcobacter isolates
Table-1: Oligonucleotide primers used for detection of Arcobacter putative virulence genes
Summary
The genus Arcobacter encompasses a group of Gram-negative, fastidious, nonspore forming, motile, spirally curved rods of the family Campylobacteraceae [1]. Arcobacter species differ from Campylobacter species in their aerotolerance and growth at 15°C [2]. In contrast with the acceptance of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter species as the main foodborne pathogens, the reports dealing with the association of Arcobacter species are limited. Over the past few years, studies regarding the isolation of Arcobacter species from animals, raw foods of animal origin, and diarrheic humans signify the potential food safety concern associated with them [3,4,5]. Among several Arcobacter species, Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii are reported to have veterinary and public health significance [2].
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