Abstract
University campuses consists of many buildings within a large area managed by a single organization. Like 3D city modeling, a 3D model of campuses can be utilized to provide a better foundation for planning, navigation and management of buildings. This study approaches 3D modeling of the UTM campus by utilizing data from aerial photos and site observations. The 3D models of buildings were drawn from building footprints in SketchUp and converted to CityGML using FME software. The CityGML models were imported into a geodatabase using 3DCityDB and visualized in Cesium. The resulting 3D model of buildings was in CityGML format level of detail 2, consisting of ground, wall and roof surfaces. The 3D models were positioned with real-world coordinates using the geolocation function in SketchUp. The non-spatial attributes of the 3D models were also stored in a database managed by PostgreSQL. While the methodology demonstrated in this study was found to be able to create LoD2 building models. However, issues of accuracy arose in terms of building details and positioning. Therefore, higher accuracy data, such as point cloud data, should produce higher LoD models and accurate positioning.
Highlights
In recent years, entire cities are being modeled in three dimensions (3D) to facilitate urban modeling
The availability of 3D data and 3D graphical visualizations within a 3D city model has allowed users to do simulations that allow them to interact with the virtual model as they interact in the real world [3]
To create a 3D model, which adheres to the international standard of city modeling (CityGML), a conversion process was required to convert the 3D models drawn in SketchUp
Summary
Entire cities are being modeled in three dimensions (3D) to facilitate urban modeling. Highly detailed 3D models offer support for applications for noise analysis, energy usage and others [15] Underground infrastructure, such as drainage pipes in addition to 3D models of buildings, can facilitate urban flooding simulations by including other data, such as elevation, water flow, volume, and others [16]. To implement such applications for analysis and simulations, 3D visualization or models cannot remain as merely graphical output. In constructing virtual 3D campus models, using CityGML enables interoperability with future city models, which can be used for different applications.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
