Abstract
An unexplained outbreak of feline diarrhea and vomiting, negative for common enteric viral and bacterial pathogens, was subjected to viral metagenomics and PCR. We characterized from fecal samples the genome of a novel chapparvovirus we named fechavirus that was shed by 8/17 affected cats and identified three different feline bocaviruses shed by 9/17 cats. Also detected were nucleic acids from attenuated vaccine viruses, members of the normal feline virome, viruses found in only one or two cases, and viruses likely derived from ingested food products. Epidemiological investigation of disease signs, time of onset, and transfers of affected cats between three facilities support a possible role for this new chapparvovirus in a highly contagious feline diarrhea and vomiting disease.
Highlights
Cats have an estimated world-wide population of over half a billion
A vomiting and diarrhea outbreak was identified across three animal shelters in British Columbia, Canada, lasting from November 2018 to January 2019
Identified feline parvoviruses belong to two genera of the Parvoviridae family, namely three bocaparvovirus species (Carnivore bocaparvovirus 3/4/5, which include FeBoV1-3 [5,51,52]), and two protoparvovirus species
Summary
15 viral families have been found to infect cats, including rabies virus, feline rotavirus (FRV), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline bocaviruses (FBoV), feline bufavirus (FBuV) [1], feline astroviruses (FeAstV), feline picornaviruses (FePV), feline enteric coronavirus (FECV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus (FHV-1), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) [2,3,4]. Diarrhea in cats is common and possible infectious causes include bacteria, parasites, and/or viruses. Some of the most prevalent feline enteric viruses include FBoV, FeAstV, FRV, and FPV [3,5,6]. Conditions in animal shelters contribute to pathogen emergence due to factors including intensive housing, rapid population turnover, animal stress, and the presence of many direct and indirect routes of possible exposure [2].
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