Abstract
Contemporary Mexican migration to the United States is conventionally interpreted as voluntary economic migration, which obscures violence as a driver of migration and settlement. This shortcoming reflects the post-World War II distinction between voluntary and forced border crossers. With interviews from 145 undocumented Mexican adults in the US, we examine experiences of violence across communities of origin, transit, and destination. We develop the theoretical framework of compound violence, conceptualizing that an arc of physical, legal, and anticipatory violence contributes to migration decisions and permanent settlement. This study offers an updated, more holistic account of US-Mexico migration flows and complicates the voluntary-forced migration binary.
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