Abstract
Objective: to describe the violations of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents through violence. Methods: cross-sectional study of notifications of violations collected from the Information System on Protection to Children and Adolescents. Descriptive and analytical analyses were carried out by means of Chi-square tests for associations. Results: among the notifications, 61.2% were related to family and community living; 18.3% to education, culture, sport and leisure; 11.5% to freedom, respect and dignity; 8.5% to life and health; and 0.5% to professionalization and protection at work. There were 541 notifications making reference to violence, which included: 47.5% of sexual nature; white girls, 6 to 12 years old, and students, as main victims; and family members as the main perpetrators. Gender, age and schooling were associated with sexual violence. Conclusion: the fundamental rights of children and adolescents have been violated in most cases by the occurrence of violence of sexual, psychological, and physical nature, and negligence.
Highlights
The fundamental rights are constitutionally established for every person
This study aims to describe the violations of fundamental rights of children and adolescents
The underreporting of violence represents a limitation of the present study, which is a subject permeated by reticent attitudes. This may influence the results, as well as the use of secondary data provided by the Information System on Protection to Children and Adolescents
Summary
The fundamental rights are constitutionally established for every person. The Child and Adolescent Statute establishes five groups for this population: the right to life and health; freedom, respect and dignity; family and community living; education, culture, sport and leisure; and professionalization and protection at work(1), which are guaranteed by law.the violation of rights is a socio-cultural and economic phenomenon implied in collective and joint contexts(2). The Child and Adolescent Statute establishes five groups for this population: the right to life and health; freedom, respect and dignity; family and community living; education, culture, sport and leisure; and professionalization and protection at work(1), which are guaranteed by law. Political and economic crises, demographic and climatic changes, and cultural aspects are factors that directly or indirectly interfere in the transgression of laws that protect minors. In this meantime, violence stands out as a public health problem and has been pointed out as one of the main outrages against human rights, especially so in the case children and adolescents(3). Besides being a structural problem with direct implications to society, violence translates into a potential stressor to the normal process of growth and development, causing serious physical, cognitive, social and psychological damages that may last until and interfere in adulthood(4)
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