Abstract
This experimental study focusses on the viability of three low-grade biofuels in small-scale biomass units of 7–12 kW The tested materials were homemade grass pellets (gp1 and gp2) and a mixture of leaves and woody pellets (lp50) that were made without binders and completely characterized in terms of their chemical and physical properties (proximate analysis, elementary composition, ash content, flowability, etc.). The results obtained with the non-commercial fuels were compared with commercial wood pellets (wp). The viability study comprised the operational parameter influences, such as primary and secondary airflow, fuel consumption, etc., together with the impact of those parameters on the main problems in combustion (concentration and particle distribution, fouling and slagging). The results revealed that the biomass whose behavior during combustion induced fewer particulate emissions and deposits was the mixed fuel, made of 50% leaf + 50% wood pellet (lp50). Contrary to the grass-based pellets, lp50 has the possibility of being used in commercial devices with the incorporation of processes during the manufacturing that improve their properties.
Highlights
Rising fossil fuel prices, increased concern about the environment and climate change, and increased dependence on energy [1] have all led to a growing interest in the production of sustainable energy
Through a together with the evaluation of results relative to the most importantslagging combustion deep investigation, the authors to evaluate the commercial viability of these novel and low-grade matter—particulate matter (PM)
Flowability of raw input materials according to angle of repose (AoR), Carr’s index (CI), and the Hausner ratio (HR)
Summary
Rising fossil fuel prices, increased concern about the environment and climate change, and increased dependence on energy [1] have all led to a growing interest in the production of sustainable energy. Gonzalez et al investigated the combustion of pellets made with different agricultural residues (forest, tomato plant, cardoon, and olive bone) for domestic heat production. Andreasen and Larsen studied straw pellet combustion and compared their results with wood pellets They verified that these kinds of pellets without antislag agents cause important problems with slag formation, the amount of dust in the fuel causes operational problems and increase the emissions, making the straw pellets unsuitable for some of the tested boilers [13]. Through a together with the evaluation of results relative to the most importantslagging combustion deep investigation, the authors to evaluate the commercial viability of these novel and low-grade matter—PM concentration and aim distribution, slagging and fouling). Authors aim to evaluate the commercial viability of these novel and low-grade biofuels
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