Abstract
The State of São Paulo is an important grain producer in Brazil. However, there is a lack of information regarding the production costs and structures needed to start agricultural activity. Therefore,the objective was to verify the profitability of soybean and corn crops to start as an individual rural producer. Data were collected between 2017 and 2018 in 15 municipalities and 30 state properties. The information was obtained regarding the acquisitions and factors of production necessary for the implantation and conduction of the crops plus the values of land lease, rural insurance, grain storage and taxation. Net profitability was obtained by the difference between the total cost of production and the gross income. The results showed that the farmer without land for cultivation would have a monthly profit of R$1,479.50 and the owner of the land would have a monthly profit of R$12,236.47.
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