Abstract
Vesnarinone, a synthetic oral cardiotonic agent that has been used for treatment of patients with congestive heart failure, was found to inhibit replication of HIV-1 in a peripheral blood lymphocytes model and in chronically infected macrophages at clinically achieved concentrations. Vesnarinone has no direct inhibitory activity against the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1, syncytium formation in short term assays, or retroviral protease. In addition, vesnarinone inhibits production of TNF-α and IL-6 by human peripheral blood mononucleated cells stimulated with LPS. These observations suggest that vesnarinone may be therapeutically useful in patients infected with HIV-1.
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