Vernacular Architecture in the MENA Region: Review of Bioclimatic Strategies and Analysis of Case Studies

Abstract

In this chapter some of the iconic vernacular architecture building in the Middle East and North Africa are discussed and analyzed for comfort and sustainability. The need for vernacular architecture was caused by indigenous people adopting to cope with the harsh climatic conditions when technologies were not used or not available. One of the excellent examples of vernacular architecture in the region is that of Yemen. The items which will be covered are the traditional communities, the historical city of Sana’a, the traditional quarters of cities in the Gulf Region, the traditional quarters in Bushehr and Yazd cities, Iran, and their adaptability to climate. Examples from Algeria and Egypt were given as well as bioclimatic strategies in vernacular architecture are carried out to achieve passive cooling needed in the region. The need for courtyard, curved roof, and small windows is discussed with examples in various areas of the MENA region.