Abstract
The management of terrestrial weed is of great concern for the scientific community as these weeds cause adverse effect in different ecosystems like forest, agriculture and urban. The widespread of these weeds by their adaptive capability and morphological advancement is difficult to control. Parthenium hysterophorous, Lantana camara, Saccharum spontaneum, Ageratum conyzoides are the weeds that spread all over the world. There are various management practices employed for the control of this weeds. But all of these practices have some drawbacks those are neither environment friendly nor economical. In this paper a review has been done to evaluate various alternative management practices for these terrestrial weeds and to analyze their feasibility. Vermicomposting and anaerobic digestion can be viable alternative option which is cost effective as well. There are few studies regarding vermicomposting and anaerobic digestions of terrestrial weeds are done.
Highlights
A wild plant growing where it is not required and is competition with cultivated plant is termed as weed
In India, exotic weeds, especially Parthenium hysterophorus in urban areas, Lantana camara in forestlands, and Ageratum conyzoides in croplands, have assumed the proportion of noxious biological pollutants
Terrestrial weeds which are evident in India and many other parts of the world causing economic and environmental threats are Lantana camara, Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus, Galinsoga purviflora, Saccharum spontaneum, Argemone Mexicana
Summary
A wild plant growing where it is not required and is competition with cultivated plant is termed as weed. It can be summarized that weeds are those uninvited plants which are grown in undesirable place and period causing competition for cultivated crops and economic loss. Besides rapidly colonizing areas replacing the native vegetation, it is known to cause a number of human health problems, environmental degradation including threat to tourism activities [2]. In India, exotic weeds, especially Parthenium hysterophorus in urban areas, Lantana camara in forestlands, and Ageratum conyzoides in croplands, have assumed the proportion of noxious biological pollutants. Each of these three natives of tropical America has wide ecological amplitude. Vermicompost technology is converting all biodegradable waste into plant nutrient rich organic manure with the help of composting
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