Abstract

Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoidesare considered among the world’s top twenty notorious terrestrial weeds due to their reproduction potential and hazardous nature. They can grow within a few weeks and cover entire agricultural land (Parthenium hysterophorus), forest land(Lantana camara)and native vegetation (Ageratum conyzoides).These terrestrial weeds are difficult to manage as they re-grow miraculously even after being completely obliterated. The availability ofParthenium hysterophorus,Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoidesin abundance make them attractive feedstock for anaerobic digestion process. Anaerobic co-digestion ofParthenium hysterophorus,Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoideswere performed using cow dung as inoculum and food waste as co-substrate and compared with their anaerobic mono-digestion process. The mono-digestion process resulted in lower biogas yield due to the accumulation of toxic inhibitors. Co-digestion studies are essential to balance nutrients and dilute toxic inhibitors. Different food/microorganisms (F/M) ratios (0.5, 1.0, 1.5. 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0) were optimized for the comparison of mono-digestion and co-digestion ofParthenium hysterophorus,Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoidesthrough1L biochemical methane potential batch assays. Due to co-digestion with food waste, biogas yields forParthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoidesincreased by 17.86%, 10.5% and 15.17% respectively. The reactors were scaled up to 20L capacity to evaluate the spike in biogas yield for the weeds through a daily-fed two-stage anaerobic digester and the enhancement of biogas through anaerobic co-digestion process forParthenium hysterophorus,Lantana camaraandAgeratum conyzoideswere examined to be82.9%, 73.3% and 83.01% respectively compared to the mono-digestion process. Operation of a two-stage anaerobic digester showed successful augmentation of biogas production from these noxious terrestrial weeds through the anaerobic co-digestion process with food waste.

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