Verbal Nouns and Adjectives in Some Ancient Languages

Abstract

1 For convenience, I follow the practice of most scholars by including Hittite among the Indo-European languages and terming the Ursprache Indo-European rather than IndoHittite, although I am inclined to agree with Sturtevant that there is good reason not to do so. For the most recently published statements on this question, see the reprint of Sturtevant's earlier statement, Lg. 38.105-10, and Lane, Lg. 37.472, as well as Goetze apud Lane, ibid. fn. 12a. At all events the problem is irrelevant for the purposes of this paper. 2 These articles, to which the reader of the present one is referred for fuller discussions, with more numerous examples and more complete documentation, are as follows. In TAPA: 'Voice of non-finite verb forms in Latin and English', 74.269-306 (1943); 'Vestiges of partitive apposition in Latin syntax', 84.92-123 (1953); 'Partitive apposition in Homer and the Greek accusative', 85.197-289 (1954). In Lg.: 'Some Hittite-Sanskrit parallels: Part II. Double dative: Infinitive plus dative noun', 29.246-51 (1953). In Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Linguists (Cambridge, Mass., 1962); 'Partitive apposition', 784-94. The last two articles are hereafter designated as Lg. 29 and Cong. respectively; references to volume number (74, 84, or 85), with or without following page number or numbers, are to the articles in TAPA. Other bibliographical data are to be interpreted as follows. AJP = American journal of philology. Bechtel = George Bechtel, Hittite verbs in -sk(Ann Arbor, 1936). Benfey = Theodor Benfey, Handbuch der Sanskritsprache, 2 vols. (Leipzig, 1852-4). Brugmann = Karl Brugmann, Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen2 1-2, 2 vols. (Strassburg, 1897-1916). Buck = Carl Darling Buck, Comparative grammar of Greek and Latin, 4th impression (Chicago, 1948). Buck, OU = Carl Darling Buck, A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian (Boston, 1904). Clark = M. Tulli Ciceronis orationes, Philippicae I-XIV, ed. by Albertus Curtis Clark (Oxford, no date, preface dated 1900). CP = Classical philology. Delbriick = B. Delbriick, Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen vols. 3-5, (Strassburg, 1893-1900). Ellis = Robinson Ellis, A commentary on Catullus2 (Oxford, 1889). Ernout and Thomas = Alfred Ernout and Frangois Thomas, Syntaxe latine (Paris, 1951). Friedrich (or Friedrich, El.) = Johannes Friedrich, Hethitisches Elementarbuch, 1st part (Heidelberg, 1940). Friedrich, Vert. = Johannes Friedrich, Staatsvertrige des Hatti-Reiches in hethitischer Sprache, 2 parts (Leipzig, 1926-30). Goodwin = William W. Goodwin, A Greek grammar, revised edition (Boston, 1895). Goetze, Hatt. = Albrecht Goetze, Hattusilis (Leipzig, 1925). Goetze, Madd. = Albrecht Goetze, Madduwattas (Leipzig, 1928). Goetze, NBr. = Albrecht Goetze, Neue Bruchsticke zum grossen Text des Hattusilis und den Paralleltexten (Leipzig, 1930). Grandgent = C. H. Grandgent, An introduction to Vulgar Latin (Boston, 1907). Hofmann = Manu Leumann and Joh. Bapt. Hofmann, Stolz-Schmalz Lateinische Grammatik6 (Munich, 1928). JCS = Journal of cuneiform studies. Kent = Roland G. Kent, Old Persian (New Haven, 1950). Merrill = T. Lucreti Cari de rerum natura, ed. by William Augustus Merrill (New York, 1907). Morris = The Captives and Trinummus of Plautus, ed. by E. P. Morris (Boston, 1899). Mueller = M. Tulli Ciceronis scripta quae manserunt omnia, ed. by C. F. W. Mueller, 4 parts, 10 vols. (Leipzig, 1889-98). Munro = T. Lucreti Cari de rerum natura4, ed. by H. A. J. Munro, 3 vols. (Cambridge, 1886). Ose = Fritz Ose, Supinum und Infinitiv im