Abstract
A new genus and species, <em>Venturioscypha nigropila</em>, is proposed for a minute inoperculate discomycete with long, cylindrical, partly flexuous, dark blackish-brown, smooth, finally thick-walled hairs. It has been collected repeatedly in Europe on dead, corticated branches of <em>Pinus</em> spp. attached to living or recently dead trees. At first glance the species resembles members of <em>Pirottaea</em> (<em>Pyrenopezizaceae</em>), but the relationship is shown by molecular phylogenetics to be close to <em>Hyphodiscus</em>, <em>Hyphopeziza</em>, <em>Fuscolachnum</em>, and <em>Venturiocistella</em> (<em>Hyphodiscaceae</em>). These genera differ in having hairs with more or less conspicuous warts, in <em>Hyphopeziza</em> also with glassy solidifications, and <em>Venturiocistella</em> in having in addition long, stiff, thick-walled, apically acute, dark brown hairs, which are warted in their lower part. The hair wall of <em>Venturioscypha</em> appears superficially smooth, but the surface is inconspicuously pitted as viewed under light microscopy. <em>Venturioscypha</em> is unique in <em>Hyphodiscaceae</em> by its peculiar hairs, inamyloid asci with a thin apical wall that ruptures irregularly by a terminal split at spore discharge, spores with a delicate sheath, and apothecial proliferation.
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