Abstract
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a complete desynchronization of ventricular fibers due to multiple reentry wavelets. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency as well as the risk factors for the occurrence of VF after aortic decompression intraoperatively in cardiac surgery. This was a prospective observational study, conducted over a period of 06 months at the CHU de Fann cardiac center. All patients scheduled for cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation were included. Exclusion criteria were patients with incomplete preoperative and/or intraoperative data. Our study included 105 patients with a mean age of 24.5 years and a sex ratio of 0.98. All patients underwent scheduled surgery with compensated cardiac status. Intraoperatively, all patients had received general anesthesia with tracheal intubation. The mean duration of aortic clamping was 93.8 min, and half the patients received a single dose of cardioplegia. The incidence of VF after aortic reperfusion was 16.2%, with the main risk factors being valve surgery, preoperative sildenafil use, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, severe pulmonary hypertension with systolic pulmonary artery pressure > 80mmHg. VF is one of the most dreaded complications of cardiac surgery. Preventive treatment with amiodarone or lidocaine before releasing the aortic clamp would seem to reduce its incidence. Hence the importance of recommending this measure in our daily practice.
Published Version
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