Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and transfusion medicine are frequently encountered issues in the intensive care unit. VTE can significantly worsen the risk of morbidity and mortality in any hospitalized patient, but proper preventive measures can reduce its incidence. Blood product transfusions can be lifesaving in appropriate situations but can also be both medically and economically detrimental if used without proper clinical judgment. In this review, we present an overview of VTE diagnosis, pharmacologic and mechanical prophylaxis, and treatment. Additionally, we review current indications for blood product use in various clinical situations, basics of massive transfusions, and adverse medical reactions to transfusions. This review contains 2 figures, 6 tables, and 50 references. Key Words: anticoagulation, blood component separation, venous thrombosis, immunohematology, massive transfusion, superficial venous thrombosis, transfusion threshold, venous thromboembolism

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