Vehicular Emission Inventory and Reduction Scenario Analysis in the Yangtze River Delta, China.

Xiaowei Song,Yongpei Hao

doi:10.3390/ijerph16234790

Abstract

Vehicular emissions have become an important source of air pollution, and their effective reduction control is essential to protect the environment. The aim of this study was to establish multi-year vehicular emission inventories for ten important air pollutants and to analyze emission control policy scenarios based on these inventories. The inter-annual emission analysis results showed that the ten pollutant emissions had different change trends during the past decade. The emissions of CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCS), NOx, PM2.5, PM10, and CH4 tended to increase first and then decrease, but the years in which they began to decrease varied; the emissions of CO2 and NH3 showed the most significant growth trends, increasing by 567% and 4004% in 2015 compared with 1999, while the emissions of N2O and SO2 showed a general increasing trend and decreased obviously in a certain year. Eight scenarios based on emission inventories were designed; compared with the BAU scenario, the ESV scenario was the most effective policy to control NOx, PM2.5, and CH4 emissions; the radical AER scenario could decrease the vehicular emissions of CO, NMVOCs, PM10, CO2, N2O, and NH3; and the RFS scenario could reduce vehicular SO2 emissions significantly by 93.64%.

Highlights

The rapid development of the global economy has caused the number of vehicles in many countries, developing countries, to grow rapidly
Vehicular emissions were calculated based on vehicle populations, annual mean vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT),emissions and emission factors using the following: Vehicular were calculated based on vehicle populations, annual mean vehicle
Ten pollutant emission inventories (i.e., CO, NMVOCs, NOx, PM2.5, PM10, CO2, CH4, N2 O, NH3, and SO2 ) from vehicles were estimated based on the COPERT model in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during

Summary

Introduction

The rapid development of the global economy has caused the number of vehicles in many countries, developing countries, to grow rapidly. Vehicular pollution is one of the main sources of air pollution with serious effects on climate change [1,2] and human health [3,4]. Pointed out that transportation has become an important sector for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, because the continuous growth in the number of vehicles has resulted in substantial amounts of burned fuel and emissions of massive amounts of GHGs in China. Sun et al (2019) [6] reported that the rapid increase in the number of vehicles is a major factor that has affected the urban ambient air quality in. With the constant expansion of cities, air pollutants emitted in cities has affected the whole region including neighboring cities. Air pollution has gradually changed from a local (city) problem to a regional one. There is an urgent need to study vehicular emissions and emission reduction strategies from a regional angle

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Discussion

Conclusion