Vector Potential Quantization and the Quantum Vacuum

Constantin Meis

doi:10.1155/2014/187432

Abstract

We investigate the quantization of the vector potential amplitude of the electromagnetic field to a single photon state starting from the fundamental link equations between the classical electromagnetic theory and the quantum mechanical expressions. The resulting wave-particle formalism ensures a coherent transition between the classical electromagnetic wave theory and the quantum representation. A quantization constant of the photon vector potential is defined. A new quantum vacuum description results directly in having very low energy density. The calculated spontaneous emission rate and Lambs shift for the nS states of the hydrogen atom are in agreement with quantum electrodynamics. This low energy quantum vacuum state might be compatible with recent astrophysical observations.

Highlights

IntroductionIt is well known [1,2,3,4,5] that the Hamiltonian radiation in quantum electrodynamics (QED) writes
It is well known [1,2,3,4,5] that the Hamiltonian radiation in quantum electrodynamics (QED) writes H = ∑ k,λ ħωk (Nkλ + ) (1)where is the ħ is Planck’s number of reduced photon constant operatorakaλndanNdkλak=+λ ak+λakλ being the annihilation and creation operators of a k mode and λ polarization photon, respectively, with angular frequency ωk
In the last two decades, various studies, developing different models [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19], have been carried out in order to interpret the recent astrophysical observations which are in contradiction with the quantum electrodynamics (QED)

Summary

Introduction

It is well known [1,2,3,4,5] that the Hamiltonian radiation in quantum electrodynamics (QED) writes. It has been demonstrated that when considering only the QED quantum vacuum, even with “reasonable” frequency cut-offs, the corresponding energy density is many orders of magnitude greater than observed [8, 9] in universe. This situation has been called the quantum vacuum catastrophe entailing the necessity of new theoretical developments. The resulting quantum vacuum field is a very low energy density medium that can be compatible with the astronomical observations

Background

The Ξ0kλQuantum Vacuum Field Effects

Conclusions