Abstract
Nanocrystalline Bi1-xMnxFeO3 (0≤x≤0.3) materials were synthesized using sol-gel technique. The structural and magnetic properties were investigated in detail. Rietveld analysis from XRD revealed the structural formation of BiFeO3. As the Mn doping concentration was increased, the structure of BiFeO3 changed from rhombohedral to tetragonal. All the M-H loops showed the ferromagnetic behavior in the prepared samples. Magnetization was observed to enhance as the Mn doping concentration was increased. The enhanced magnetization may be due to the collapse of the space modulated spin structure as observed from the structural changes.
Highlights
BiFeO3 (BFO) is an interesting material due to the coexistence of G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure having Neel temperature around 640 K and ferroelectric polarization with Curie temperature around 1000 K [1, 2]
Room temperature ferromagnetic properties of rare earth and transition metal ions doped BFO materials were observed by several researchers
The enhanced magnetization was observed in BFO due to the divalent, trivalent, and rare earth ions on Fe site [7, 8]
Summary
BiFeO3 (BFO) is an interesting material due to the coexistence of G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure having Neel temperature around 640 K and ferroelectric polarization with Curie temperature around 1000 K [1, 2]. Room temperature ferromagnetic properties of rare earth and transition metal ions doped BFO materials were observed by several researchers. The enhanced magnetization was observed in BFO due to the divalent, trivalent, and rare earth ions on Fe site [7, 8]. Divalent, and rare earth elements in BFO was observed to enhance the magnetization by suppressing the cycloid spin structure and reducing the leakage current density and enhancing the multiferroic properties [12,13,14,15,16]. It was observed that BFO shows weak magnetization and poor polarization due to the spiral spin structure and leakage problem [18, 19]. Since BFO materials are having interesting properties, in the present work, we aimed to present their structural and magnetic properties in detail
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