Abstract
Previously, we proposed several empirical equations to describe the relationship between an electromagnetic force and the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB).We attempted to justify why our empirical equations cannot be coincidental from the mathematical connections between our three equations. However, there are small errors in our empirical equations, which may lead to “indeed or not” arguments. After evaluating our equations, we discovered a method to improve the accuracy of the numerical calculations. For the value of the CMB, we used 2.72642 K instead of 2.72548 K. Regarding the factor of 9/2, we used 4.48870 instead of 4.5. Regarding the factor of π, we used 3.13189 instead of 3.14159. Then, the error becomes less than 10-5. This means that our equations cannot be coincidental. Furthermore, we attempt to provide hints on how to construct the background theory.
Highlights
Our main research explains the current independent constant voltage loss (0.35 V) in Sm doped Ceria (SDC) electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
We proposed several empirical equations to describe the relationship between an electromagnetic force and the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB).We attempted to justify why our empirical equations cannot be coincidental from the mathematical connections between our three equations
Our conclusion was that the mathematical connections among Equations (1)-(3) provide evidence that they are not coincidental [3]
Summary
Our main research explains the current independent constant voltage loss (0.35 V) in Sm doped Ceria (SDC) electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). This voltage loss cannot be explained by Wagner’s equation. During the oxygen ion hopping conduction with enough electron’s atmosphere, this voltage loss may be explained by Jarzynski’s equality. The discovered equivalent circuit is different from the usual RC circuit, and seems to be useful to explain the gravitational force. We discovered Equations (1)-(3) [1] [2] and [3].
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