Various Empirical Equations for the Electromagnetic Force in Terms of the Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature

Tomofumi Miyashita

doi:10.4236/jmp.2021.125040

Abstract

Previously, we proposed an empirical equation describing the relationship between the gravitational force and the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). After evaluating our equation, we discovered many empirical equations describing the electromagnetic force in terms of the CMB, including equations for the Rydberg constant, the Bohr radius, the Compton wavelength, the classical electron radius, the Hartree energy, the Coulomb’s law with distance, and the ratio between the gravitational force and electric force. The background theory is not yet complete. However, we can justify why the discovered empirical equations should not be coincidence.

Highlights

We reported the following equation [1] [2]: Gmp λp ×1 kg = 92 kTc (1)where G, mp, λp, k, Tc and 1 kg are the gravitational constant, the rest mass of a proton, the Compton wavelength, the Boltzmann constant, the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the standard unit of mass, respectively
We proposed an empirical equation describing the relationship between the gravitational force and the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
We discovered many empirical equations describing the electromagnetic force in terms of the CMB, including equations for the Rydberg constant, the Bohr radius, the Compton wavelength, the classical electron radius, the Hartree energy, the Coulomb’s law with distance, and the ratio between the gravitational force and electric force

Summary

Introduction

Where G, mp, λp, k, Tc and 1 kg are the gravitational constant, the rest mass of a proton, the Compton wavelength, the Boltzmann constant, the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the standard unit of mass, respectively. Using Jarzynski’s equality [3] and Ted Jacobson’s theory [4], we attempted to explain Equation (1). We searched for empirical equations for the electromagnetic force in terms of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background using Excel sheets. This search method relied almost entirely on chance, requiring much time and perseverance. In this way, we discovered several empirical equations.

Symbol List

Ratio between the Gravitational Force and Electric Force

Relationships among Various Equations

Four Empirical Equations for Important Lengths without Using α

Our Empirical Equations Are Not Coincidence

Conclusions