Abstract
Decreasing the transfer of radioactive cesium (RCs) from soil to crops has been important since the deposition of RCs in agricultural soil owing to the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident of 2011. We investigated the genotypic variation in RCs accumulation in 234 and 198 hexaploid wheat (Triticum spp.) varieties in an affected field in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The effects of soil exchangeable potassium (ExK) content to RCs accumulation in wheat varieties were also evaluated. A test field showed fourfold differences in soil ExK contents based on location, and the wheat varieties grown in areas with lower soil ExK contents tended to have higher grain RCs concentrations. RCs concentrations of shoots, when corrected by the soil ExK content, were positively significantly correlated between years, and RCs concentrations of shoots were significantly correlated with the grain RCs concentration corrected by the soil ExK content. These results indicated that there were genotypic variations in RCs accumulation. The grain to shoot ratio of RCs also showed significant genotypic variation. Wheat varieties with low RCs accumulations were identified. They could contribute to the research and breeding of low RCs accumulating wheat and to agricultural production in the area affected by RCs deposition.
Highlights
Radioactive cesium (RCs) isotopes 134Cs and 137Cs, which can be incorporated into the food chain, becoming a threat to human health[1], are two of the major radionuclides released by the accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Dai-ichi (No 1) nuclear power plant (TEPCO’s FDNPP), caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami on 11 March 20112
radioactive cesium (RCs) concentration in grain collected from 2012–2013 growing season showed significant positive correlation with 133Cs concentration in grain in this study (Fig. 2). 133Cs in the grain would be derived from root uptake
As the factor affecting to RC transfer from soil to plant, soil exchangeable RCs concentration has had significant positive correlation with RCs concentration in buckwheat cultivated in the field in Fukushima prefecture[16]
Summary
Radioactive cesium (RCs) isotopes 134Cs and 137Cs, which can be incorporated into the food chain, becoming a threat to human health[1], are two of the major radionuclides released by the accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Dai-ichi (No 1) nuclear power plant (TEPCO’s FDNPP), caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami on 11 March 20112. Et Zucc.) Endl.)[19] in the area affected by RCs. With the objective of investigating the effects of genetic variation on RCs accumulation in crops, the rice core-collection has been analyzed in field experiments, revealing ~12-fold differences in RCs concentration in grains[20,21]. With the objective of investigating the effects of genetic variation on RCs accumulation in crops, the rice core-collection has been analyzed in field experiments, revealing ~12-fold differences in RCs concentration in grains[20,21] This allowed the identification of rice varieties having low RCs accumulation levels. We investigated the effects of the variability in the soil RCs concentration and soil ExK content within a field and the differences in agronomic traits on the RCs accumulation in wheat varieties
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