Abstract
The nutritional attributes of stover from 11 sorghum cultivars ( SP 18005A x 220-2,3,6,7; PC-5; GGUB44 x SSG-59-3; ICSV-700; CSV-17; NRF-526; FM-1; SPV-1616; PVK-809; UPMC-503; and HC-308 ), selected on the basis of their diverse genetic backgrounds and use, were evaluated to aid in selecting parents superior in protein concentration and digestibility for use in sorghum breeding programs. Samples of stovers were collected after grain harvesting and analyzed. The CP concentrations in different cultivars differed (3.7‒6.7%; P<0.05) as did NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin concentrations (P<0.05). Total carbohydrate, non-structural carbohydrate and structural carbohydrate concentrations differed (P<0.05) amongst cultivars as did carbohydrate fractions (C A , C B1 , C B2 , C C ; P<0.05). Protein fractions (P B1 , P B2 , P B3 and P C ) except P A differed (P<0.05). Concentrations of stover protein fractions P A and P B3 were lower than P B1 , P B2 and P C . Unavailable protein fraction P C was highest (P<0.05) in stover of SPV-1616 (36.8% CP) and lowest in ICSV-700 (20.4% CP). Concentrations of gross energy (GE), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) varied (P<0.05) and ICSV-700 had highest concentrations of DE, ME and TDN (2.60 kcal/g DM, 2.13 kcal/g DM and 59.0%, respectively). Energetic efficiency for maintenance (NE M ), lactation (NE L ) and growth (NE G ) differed (P<0.05) with ranges of 1.13‒1.42, 0.41‒0.70 and 0.95‒1.33 kcal/g DM, respectively. Values for estimated DM intake, estimated digestible DM and relative feed value for stovers also varied (P<0.05) with ranges of 1.76‒2.19%, 55.3‒61.4% and 75.4‒104.1%, respectively. In vitro dry matter digestibility was highest (P<0.05) for cultivars PVK-809 (55.7%) and ICSV-700 (54.3%). Macro- and micro-mineral concentrations also differed (P<0.05) across cultivar stovers. The wide genetic variability for nutritional attributes in stovers of sorghum cultivars indicates significant potential for improvement of stover quality through sorghum improvement programs, but care needs to be taken that grain and stover yields do not suffer. Keywords : Energy values, nutritive value, sorghum stover, yields. DOI: 10.17138/TGFT(6)42-52
Highlights
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one of the important cereal crops in the semi-arid tropics globally for providing human food, animal feed and raw materials for industrial use
Stover yields in the various cultivars varied from 7.61 t/ha (CSV-17) to 13.7 t/ha (SP 18005A x 220-2,3,6,7), while grain yields ranged from 1.59 t/ha (FM-1) to 4.51 t/ha (SPV-1616) (Table 1)
neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ranged from 55.0% (ICSV-700) to 68.2% (CSV-17), acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 35.3% (ICSV-700) to 43.1% (CSV-17), cellulose from 27.9% (ICSV-700) to 33.8% (CSV-17) and lignin from 4.33% (PVK-809) to 5.79% (CSV-17) (P
Summary
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one of the important cereal crops in the semi-arid tropics globally for providing human food, animal feed and raw materials for industrial use. India contributes 16% of global sorghum production and traditionally sorghum is grown both as fodder and grain crops in all states of India, with 3 southern states (Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh) accounting for nearly 75% of sorghum’s cultivable area and 85% of total sorghum production. It is grown as green fodder in the rainy season (July to mid-October, Kharif season) and later for grain as a food-feed crop. There is a paucity of systematic information on nutritive value of improved forage sorghums for ranking of forage cultivars (Akabari and Parmar 2014) and for selecting genetic material for use in sorghum improvement programs
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