Abstract
Based on the daily precipitation data from the meteorological stations in Sichuan and the monthly average ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 1979 to 2016, the variation characteristics of summer water vapor budget in the Sichuan Basin and its relationship with precipitation are discussed in this study. The results show that, in summer, the water vapor in the Sichuan Basin and its four sub-basins flows in from the southern and western boundaries and flows out through the eastern and northern boundaries, and the basin is obviously a water vapor sink. From 1979 to 2016, the water vapor inflow from the southern and western boundaries significantly decreased, as well as the water vapor outflow through the eastern boundary. The summer precipitation in the Sichuan Basin is significantly positively correlated with the water vapor inflow at the southern boundary and net water vapor budget of the basin in the same period, and it is negatively correlated with the water vapor outflow at the northern boundary. The southern and northern boundaries are the two most important boundaries for the summer precipitation in the Sichuan Basin. Additionally, this study reveals that, under the multi-scale topography on the east side of the Tibet Plateau, the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in the Sichuan Basin results from the interactions between the unique topography of the Sichuan Basin and the different modes of water-vapor transport from low latitudes. The atmospheric circulation over the key area of air–sea interaction in the tropical region and its accompanying systems, as well as the anomalies of regional circulations and water vapor transport over the eastern China and Sichuan Basin, are the main reasons for the variation in summer precipitation in the Sichuan Basin.
Highlights
Water resources are indispensable natural resources in production and human life as well as other social activities
Xu et al [12,13] analyzed the water vapor source and sink of the Meiyu belt over the Yangtze River Basin and found that the integrated water vapor transport in drought and wet years in the Yangtze River Basin shows an inverse feature. They have pointed out that the water vapor transport in the “large triangular fan pattern” region composed of the low-latitude activity source areas related to the Tibet Plateau, the South China Sea monsoon, and the Indian monsoon has an important impact on regional drought and flood in China
Simmonds et al analyzed the summer water vapor transport and budget in China and found that the source of water vapor in southeastern China is from the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal, while the water vapor in Northeast China and some parts of North China mainly comes from middle-latitude westerlies [19]
Summary
Water resources are indispensable natural resources in production and human life as well as other social activities. The atmospheric water vapor source, the track of water vapor transport, and the water vapor budget are the key links of regional water cycle in this region, especially the air water resources They play a key role in the regional water balance and are closely related to the atmospheric circulation evolution and the variation of regional drought and flood [25,26,27]. The possible answers to these questions are not clear Focusing on these problems, this study employs the ERA-Interim reanalysis data to study the variation characteristics of the summer water vapor budget in the Sichuan Basin and uses the observed precipitation data at meteorological stations to reveal the impact of regional water vapor budget on the summer precipitation in the Sichuan Basin. It can improve the understanding of water vapor budget anomalies and its impact on the summer precipitation, and can support for the forecast of climatic disasters
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