Abstract
Seedlings grown in Ohio from seed collected from 12 native seed sources of Alnusglutinosa (European black alder) and one seed source of Alnus cordata (Italian alder) were outplantedin1981 in acombination provenance/family planting. Data were collected over a period of 11 years after planting. Results show highly significant variation among provenances in winter injury, time of growth initiation, rate of survival, leaf miner injury, and height and diameter growth. Italian alder seedlings showed the least leafminer injury and the earliest flushing, but showed the poorest survival of all groups tested, primarily because of winter injury. European black alder seedlings grown from seed collected in Iran also sustained major winter dieback and poor survival. Trees from West Germany, France, Denmark, and Yugoslavia seed sources were fastest-growing, whereas seedlings from some sources in southern Europe (Spain, Italy, Bulgaria) were slowest - growing. The genetic variation shown in this study is sufficient to allow for success in breeding for improved insect resistance, cold hardiness, and growth rate in alder.
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