Variable dust charge generates multi solitons, breather soliton structures in Saturn’s ring

Abstract

In this study, we have investigated nonlinear wave structures that are localized along with the exact stationary wave solutions with oscillating, i.e. the breather structures in an unmagnetized dusty plasma with variable dust charge concentration with two temperatures of ions. We have derived GE from the normalized governing equations employing the reductive perturbative technique (RPT). The GE is the extended Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation that includes the united effect of quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. Employing the Hirota bilinear method (HBM), multi-soliton solutions and the breather soliton solutions have been obtained. Breathers (oscillating wave packets) play a significant role in hydrodynamics and optics, and their interaction can change the dynamics of the wave fields. It is also important to propagate finite-amplitude waves in the astrophysical atmosphere, plasma dynamics, ocean, optic fibers, signal processing, etc. In the circumstances of Saturn’s ring, it is noticed that the breather soliton structures are modified significantly with variations in dust charge concentration, ion temperature ratio, and other physical parameters.