Abstract
Olfactory systems have evolved the extraordinary capability to detect and discriminate volatile odorous molecules (odorants) in the environment. Fundamentally, this process relies on the interaction of odorants and their cognate olfactory receptors (ORs) encoded in the genome. Here, we conducted a cell-based screen using over 800 mouse ORs against seven odorants, resulting in the identification of a set of high-affinity and/or broadly-tuned ORs. We then test whether heterologously expressed ORs respond to odors presented in vapor phase by individually expressing 31 ORs to measure cAMP responses against vapor phase odor stimulation. Comparison of response profiles demonstrates this platform is capable of discriminating between structural analogs. Lastly, co-expression of carboxyl esterase Ces1d expressed in olfactory mucosa resulted in marked changes in activation of specific odorant-OR combinations. Altogether, these results establish a cell-based volatile odor detection and discrimination platform and form the basis for an OR-based volatile odor sensor.
Highlights
Olfactory systems have evolved the extraordinary capability to detect and discriminate volatile odorous molecules in the environment
To identify olfactory receptors (ORs) that robustly respond to odorants in vitro, we conducted a large-scale screen of mouse ORs against a panel of seven odorants: acetophenone, cyclohexanone, eugenol, heptanal, 2-heptanone, methyl benzoate and N-amyl acetate (Fig. 1a)
Capability to detect and discriminate structurally related odorants delivered in vapor phase
Summary
Olfactory systems have evolved the extraordinary capability to detect and discriminate volatile odorous molecules (odorants) in the environment. This process relies on the interaction of odorants and their cognate olfactory receptors (ORs) encoded in the genome. Co-expression of carboxyl esterase Ces1d expressed in olfactory mucosa resulted in marked changes in activation of specific odorantOR combinations. These results establish a cell-based volatile odor detection and discrimination platform and form the basis for an OR-based volatile odor sensor. We demonstrate that a carboxyl esterase expressed in the olfactory mucus has odorant- and OR- specific roles in modifying OR activation in heterologous cells
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