Abstract
So far, there are no results for research on the biomechanical parameters of giant miscanthus stalks taking into account both the influence of moisture content and the internode, from which the samples were taken. Therefore, the aim of the research was to comprehensively investigate the influence of the internode number (NrNod) and water content (MC) on the values of selected biomechanical parameters (modulus of elasticity and maximum stress) determined using various stress tests (three-point bending and compression along the fibers). The research was carried out for dry stalks of different humidities and for different internodes. The results obtained in this study proved that the independent variables of the water content and the internode number cause a statistically significant influence on the values of the examined biomechanical parameters of the miscanthus stem: the modulus of elasticity in compression, the maximum stress in compression, the modulus of elasticity in bending and the maximum stress in bending. The values of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) increase when increasing the NrNod. For individual internodes, MOE values are higher with a higher MC. The values of the maximum stress (σ) also increase when increasing the internode number. For individual internodes, the σ values are lower with a higher MC.
Highlights
The requirements currently imposed on the industry related to the goals of sustainable development and regarding the reduction of the negative impact on the environment, limiting the consumption of non-renewable raw materials, minimizing non-biodegradable waste make biomass a key raw material for various applications [1]
The results of our research show that the values of the biomechanical parameters (MOEcompr and σcomp ) obtained in the compression tests along the miscanthus stalk fibers increase with the increase in the internode number
The results obtained in this study proved that the independent variables of the moisture content and the internode number play a statistically significant influence on the values of the examined biomechanical parameters of the miscanthus stem: modulus of elasticity in compression, maximum stress in compression, modulus of elasticity in bending and maximum stress in bending
Summary
The requirements currently imposed on the industry related to the goals of sustainable development and regarding the reduction of the negative impact on the environment, limiting the consumption of non-renewable raw materials, minimizing non-biodegradable waste make biomass a key raw material for various applications [1]. Scientific research mainly concerns the use of lignocellulosic biomass, which consists mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignocellulosic biomass is a source of both energy and carbon [2]. One of the very important applications of plant (lignocellulosic) biomass is its use as a renewable energy source that can be a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels [3]. Biomass can be used in the sustainable production of liquid fuels and high value-added chemicals [4]. The percentage share of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in a given type of biomass may vary, which significantly affects its energy parameters and the possibility of using it for the production of biofuels [5]. Depending on the origin of the biomass (classification according to ISO 17225-1:2014 [6]), research is carried out on woody [7,8,9], and herbaceous biomass [10,11], and pomaces, fruit stones, kernel shells and other residuals [12,13,14,15], and recently on so-called water biomass, or algae, for example, hyacinths [16,17]
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