Value of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cancer antigen 125 levels in evaluating the severity and prognosis of coronary heart disease

Abstract

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) in the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods One hundred and forty-three patients with CHD in Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected. The patients were divided into single-vessel disease group (28 cases), double-vessel disease group (89 cases) and three-vessel disease (26 cases) according to the results of coronary angiography; the end point of follow-up was 2 years after discharge, and the patients were divided into survival group (126 cases) and death group (17 cases). The serum levels of BDNF and CA125 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between serum BDNF, CA125 and clinical data, modified Gensini score, prognosis were analyzed. Results The modified Gensini score, BDNF and CA125 in single-vessel disease group were significantly lower than those in double-vessel disease group and three-vessel disease group: (21.84 ± 26.56) scores vs. (84.47 ± 86.28) and (142.37 ± 58.08) scores, (787.47 ± 124.29) μg/L vs. (888.44 ± 137.21) and (1131.77 ± 145.80) μg/L, (36.94 ± 11.80) kU/L vs. (79.11 ± 14.22) and (97.74 ± 15.43) kU/L, the indexes in double-vessel disease group were significantly lower than those in three-vessel disease group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Pearson analysis result showed that the BDNF and CA125 had positive correlation with modified Gensini score in patients with CHD (r = 0.210 and 0.397, P = 0.012 and 0.000). The BDNF and CA125 in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group: (1 093.59 ± 144.69) μg/L vs. (888.53 ± 164.43) μg/L and (93.93 ± 18.89) kU/L vs. (71.58 ± 23.62) kU/L, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis result showed that BDNF and CA125 were the independent risk factors of death within 2 years in patients with CHD (OR = 1.005 and 1.035, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.009 and 1.001 to 1.070, P = 0.005 and 0.044). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis result showed that the area under curve (AUC) of BDNF for predicting CHD prognosis was 0.827, Yoden index was 0.652, and the best diagnostic value was 999.72 μg/L; the AUC of CA125 for predicting CHD prognosis was 0.783, Yoden index was 0.503, and the best diagnostic value was 87.34 kU/L. The AUC of BDNF combined with CA125 for predicting CHD prognosis was 0.847, and Yoden index was 0.633. Conclusions The levels of BDNF and CA125 are positively correlated with the Gensini score, which could reflect the severity of CHD to some extent. The BDNF and CA125 levels have higher prognostic efficacy for predicting CHD, and the combined efficacy of the two is higher. Key words: Coronary artery disease; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CA-125 antigen; Prognosis