Value of heparin-binding protein in the diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children

Abstract

To study the value of serum heparin-binding protein (HBP) in the early diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children. A total of 80 children who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, from February 2019 to August 2021 and were diagnosed with adenovirus pneumonia were enrolled as subjects. According to the diagnostic criteria for severe pneumonia, they were divided into two groups: severe adenovirus pneumonia (40 children) and non-severe adenovirus pneumonia (40 children). The two groups were compared in terms of the serum levels of inflammatory markers within 24 hours after admission, such as HBP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), white blood cell count, platelet count (PLT), and C-reactive protein. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to identify the value of these inflammatory markers in the early diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia. Compared with the non-severe adenovirus pneumonia group, the severe adenovirus pneumonia group had a significantly higher serum level of HBP [(46±16) ng/mL vs (28±13) ng/mL, P<0.05], as well as significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and PLT (P<0.05). HBP had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.804 in the early diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 70.0% at the optimal cut-off value of 31.76 ng/mL. The ROC curve analysis of HBP combined with other indicators for the early diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia showed that HBP+TNF-α, HBP+PLT, HBP+IL-6, HBP+TNF-α+IL-6, and HBP+TNF-α+IL-6+PLT had an AUC of 0.866, 0.850, 0.863, 0.886, and 0.894, respectively. Serum HBP may be used as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia, and its combination with TNF-α, IL-6, and PLT can improve its diagnostic value.