Value biases of sensor-based assistive technology

Abstract

We investigate a conventional GPS tracking system employed in professional dementia care in search of value biases that contradict central care values. The investigation follows the formal steps of the value-sensitive design approach. Four biases are identified. These are related to: augmentation, privacy, self-esteem, and trust and accountability. Drawing on data gathered through a field experiment and related focus group meetings, professional stakeholders' responses and attitudes towards these biases are accounted for. The main lessons learned form our investigation are as follows: Firstly, this study highlights the situation that stakeholders' concerns about sensor-based assistive technology in dementia care often relate to specific value-laden design aspects or features. Secondly, we consider the identified biases central issues that need to be taken into account in ethical evaluations of the uptake and adoption of sensor-based technologies in dementia care. For designers of assistive technologies the biases identified represent areas for improvements. Thirdly, the study strengthens the argument that ethics and human values need to be paid explicit attention as part of human-centered design processes that target the care sector.