Abstract
In recent years, positron emission tomography / computed to-mography (18F-FDG-PET / CT) or 2-(18F) -fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose has become an essential tool for the postoperative treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (CDT), and it is widely used in selected clinical situations. The most valuable role that 18F-FDG -PET / CT plays in clinical practice is that it can be used to obtain prognostic information in patients with increasing levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) and negative radioactive iodine (131I) body scan and ablation with 131I. The 18F-FDG -PET / CT may also have a potential role in the initial staging and monitoring of high-risk patients with aggressive histological sub-types, identifying patients with a higher risk of disease-specific mortality, and managing patients with disease refractory to 131I. Several articles support the hypothesis that the uptake of 18F-FDG may have prognostic value in CDT. On the one hand, the uptake of 18F-FDG in primary thyroid cancer is related to the expression and differentiation of the glucose transporter (GLUT). On the other hand, an association has been found between the uptake of 18F-FDG and the aggressive histological characteristics, tumor size, and lymph node metastases.
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