Validity and Reliability of Middle School Students Physical Education Enjoyment Constructs

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the current research is to determine the reliability and validity values for the Turkish version of the Physical Education (PE) Enjoyment Processes Questionnaire (Hashim, Grove, & Whipp, 2008) in middle school students. Material and Methods: Construct validity was granted using the data comprised of 611 students (Mage= 12.30, SD=1.13) from middle schools via conducting an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Then Confirmatory Factor Analyses was applied to 299 middle school students (Mage=12.89, SD=1.92). The questionnaire consists of 26 item and 6 subcategories. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Results: According to the EFA, 5-factor construct that explained 60,81% of the variance were determined. Five teaching processes related to PE enjoyment were named as: PE and teacher generated excitement (7 items), activity generated (6 items), parental involvement (5 items), other referent competency (4 items) and peer interaction (4 items). The Cronbach’s alpha value for the scale was 0.94 and for the factors were 0.87, 0.84, 0.86, 0.80 and 0.77 respectively. The AMOS findings of CFA showed that there is a good fit between the 5-factor construct of the 26-item scale and the observed data (χ2/sd=1.99, RMSEA=0.058, CFI=0.93, IFI=0.93, TLI=0.92, RMR=0.07 and GFI=0.87). Conclusion: The model fit indices and reliability findings showed that the instrument is appropriate for evaluating affective domain in Turkish PE settings among 5 to 8 graders. It is expected that the scale will be helpful in determining what factors affecting middle school students’ activities in physical education and developing strategies to improve these factors.