Abstract
ABSTRACT The low density of precipitation gauges, the areas of difficult access and the high number of missing values hinder a rapid and effective hydrological monitoring. Thus, the present study aims to statistically validate the precipitation estimates by the data Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) in relation to the data observed in the Conventional Meteorological Stations (CMSs) in the geographic regions of Brazil. The statistical indicators used were: Correlation Coefficient (r), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Percentage of Bias (Pbias), T-Test and Mann-Witiney Test. It is concluded that the precipitation data estimated via TRMM are effective and reliable alternatives for hydrological studies in areas that do not have in-situ gauges and/or need to fill missing values in the five regions of the country, especially in the driest months and in larger time scales.
Highlights
Effective hydrological monitoring is essential for the planning and operation of various sectors of society, such as agriculture, livestock, navigation, water supply, flood control, among other analyzes involving hydrological basin balance and river flow regime (Soares et al, 2016)
Considering the challenges encountered to characterize the rainfall regime of a region from in-situ gauges and the need to validate the estimated data via satellite, this study aims to statistically validate the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation estimates in relation to the data observed in the Conventional Meteorological Stations in the geographic regions of Brazil, in order to use them in hydrological monitoring in an effective and reliable way in all areas of the country, even the most remote ones
The present study aimed to statistically validate satellite precipitation estimates in relation to data observed in conventional meteorological stations in the five geographic regions of Brazil
Summary
Effective hydrological monitoring is essential for the planning and operation of various sectors of society, such as agriculture, livestock, navigation, water supply, flood control, among other analyzes involving hydrological basin balance and river flow regime (Soares et al, 2016). World Meteorological Organization (2008) recommends at least one Conventional Meteorological Station for each: 900 km of coastal, 250 km of mountains, 575 km of interior plains, 25 km of small islands and 10 000 km of polar or arid region These recommendations are not always possibles, since several regions are difficult to access and do not have sufficient resources for such installations, monitoring and periodic maintenance. These instruments measure the local rain, not capturing its spatial distribution, especially in land with complex topography, being susceptible to precipitation detection failures (Pereira et al, 2013), which are not always filled in a way effective and immediate. Studies were carried out in order to identify the best satellite to estimate the rainfall regime in some areas of Brazil, from the comparison of data estimated via satellite with data observed in-situ
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