Abstract
Liquefaction is a hazardous and temporary phenomenon by which a soil saturated with water loses some or all of its resistance. The undrained conditions and a cyclic load increase the pores water pressure inside the soil and therefore a reduction of the effective stress.Nowadays many semi-empirical methods are used to introduce a proposition to evaluate the liquefaction's potential using the in-situ test results. The objective of this paper is to study their ability to correctly predict the liquefaction potential by modelling our case using finite element methods.The study is based on the data of Cone Penetration Tests experimental results of the Casablanca-Tangier High-Speed Line exactly between PK 116 + 450 and PK 116 + 950 and near of Moulay-Bousselham city. It belongs to the Drader-Soueir basin region which is located in the North-West of Morocco.This region had a specific soil’s formation, the first 50 meters are characterised by the existence of sand layers alternating with layers of clay. These formations are very loose and saturated which suggests the possibility of soil liquefaction.We present and discuss the results of applying the Olsen method [1], the Juang method [2] and the Robertson method [3], in the evaluation of liquefaction susceptibility.Apart from the previous empirical analysis to evaluate the liquefaction potential, numerical modelling is performed in this study.
Highlights
The soils, during liquefaction, behave as a liquid and no longer support the shearing forces, which causes large deformations which subsequently affect the structures built on this soil.For assessing the liquefaction potential, many semiempirical methods are developed
Evaluating liquefaction potential In this study, we evaluate the liquefaction susceptibility using the data from 6 surveys of the test Cone Penetration Test (CPT) along the section between the PK116 + 450 and the PK 116 + 950 of the High-Speed Line
Based on the data from six surveys of the CPT test between the PK 116 + 450 and the PK 116 + 950 from the High-Speed Line, the liquefaction potential calculations were carried out using three methods based on the cyclic stress approach which are the Olsen method [1], the Juang method [2] and the Robertson method [3]
Summary
For assessing the liquefaction potential, many semiempirical methods are developed This potential reflects the soil ability to resist the cyclic shear efforts and is mainly dependent on the relative density, the particle size, the soil texture, the saturation degree and the earthquake magnitude. The numerical modelling of the liquefaction behaviour in this case is carried out in Quake/W software (from GeoStudio) [4], which simulates the soil’s behaviour under a cyclic loading by the generalized the finite element method. This modelling will help us to determine the semi-empirical method that predicts the best liquefaction susceptibility
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