Vaccine Hesitancy Toward COVID-19 Vaccines Among Humanitarian Healthcare Workers in Lebanon, 2021

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Refusals and delay in receiving COVID-19 vaccines due to vaccine hesitancy present major barriers to optimal vaccine uptake and thus epidemic control, with crisis-affected populations facing additional challenges. International Medical Corps conducted a cross-sectional survey to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding COVID-19 and identify determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among 413 healthcare workers (HCW) working at 90 national primary healthcare centers in Lebanon, just prior to widespread vaccine rollout. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of vaccine acceptance using the health belief Model. More than half (56.9%) of HCWs were categorized as being vaccine-hesitant, while 43.1% reported they would receive a vaccine when available. Perceived benefits, cues to action, and social norms were positively associated with vaccine acceptance. More than half (56.4%) believed the national health system was not capable of ensuring safe administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. Targeted interventions that emphasize the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination, highlight cues to vaccinate, and promote vaccination as a social norm are critical in motivating HCWs to get vaccinated. Increasing HCW trust in Lebanon’s national health system is critical to building confidence toward COVID-19 vaccines and has implications for the success of future responses to infectious disease outbreaks.