オジギソウの研究V葉枕の運動細胞に於けるタンニン液胞の発達

Abstract

By means of the “Sump method” and of the ultropaque microscope, the observations of the epidermal system of the pulvinus and the leaflets were investigated in Mimosa pudica L. and other nyctinastic Leguminous plants. Materials which had received a stimulus were mainly observed. The results of our observations and experiments are summarized as follows:1) On the upper epidermis of the primary pulvinus the hydathodes are distributed 14 per mm2. These apertures are bounded by several guard cells. In vertical view, these hydathodes may be roughly classified into two or three categories. In one type of these hydathodes, internal guard cells are situated under the aperture which leads to the canaliculated intercellular spaces. These canaliculated spaces contain tannin solution which is stained by toluidin blue. Other types of hydathodes have no connection with the canaliculated spaces. On the lower surface, the hydathodes are distributed 12 per mm2. The vertical structure is different from that of the hydathode of the upper side, but, the surface view is the same in both.2) The primary pulvinus transfers over to the petiole gradually, this transitional zone being inflated a little. The anthocyan is not formed in the epidermis of this zone which may be called ‘transitional zone’ The hydathodes are many in number and are scattered on the surface of this zone. Two or three internal guard cells are situated just under the aperture. A considerable amount of the cytoplasm exists at the periphery of these guard cells.3) A substance which contain tannin issues from the hydathodes on the lower surface of the petiole adjacent to the ‘transitional zone’4) On the upper surface of the secondary pulvinus, the hydathodes are distributed 11 per mm2. Furthermore, the stomata and the hydathodes are many in number and are scattered on the petiole, especially on the part adjacent to the secondary pulvinus.5) The stomata are scattered on the upper surface of the tertiary pul-vinules, but on the lower surface the stomata are not found. The guard cells and the subsidiary cells are somewhat protruded from the surface of the epidermis. Perhaps these epidermal apparatus are employed as the stomata and also as the hydathodes too.6) On the surface of the pulvinules of Cassia inimosoides, and Albizzia Julibrissin, the stomatal apparatus are scattered as in Mimosa pudica. But on the lower surface the stomatal apparatus are not found.7) The stomatal apparatus on the leaflets of Mimosa are composed of small guard cells, and the latter again bounded by two large subsidiary cells. The reaction resulting to acetic silver nitrate solution appeared in the guard cells but the tannin reaction did not. Whereas the subsidiary cells and some other epidermal cells contain tannin. According to the kind of these epidermal cells the osmotic concentrations are in various ways.