UV-B长期胁迫对麦长管蚜子代种群动态的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 UV-B长期胁迫对麦长管蚜子代种群动态的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201611172338 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（39970112，20470268）；高校博士点基金（20130204110004）；陕西省科技厅国际合作项目（2012） Effect on population dynamics of the offspring of Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Hemiptera: Aphididae) exposed to long term UV-B stress Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了探明UV-B长期辐射亲代麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae Fabricius后对其子代种群动态的影响。采用特定年龄生命表方法，设置不同强度（0，0.50，0.70 mW/cm2）UV-B连续多代处理麦长管蚜成虫，统计麦长管蚜分别经历UV-B辐射一代，六代，十一代，十五代后其子代麦长管蚜存活率和繁殖力、繁殖参数、种群参数的变化。结果表明：（1）经UV-B处理亲代麦长管蚜后，其子代种群的内禀增长率r与周限增长率λ在低强度处理组各世代之间无显著差异，在高强度处理组各世代之间呈先上升后下降的趋势。（2）处理组麦长管蚜种群繁殖力F、净增殖率R0、平均世代周期T、产卵天数和成蚜寿命均在G7代达到最大值，且与对照组无显著差异。（3）亲代麦长管蚜经UV-B胁迫处理后对子代种群的存活率影响显著。研究结论：亲代麦长管蚜经过不同代数的UV-B胁迫，可显著影响子代的生长发育与繁殖，且对处于不同世代的子代生态学指标产生不同影响。研究的创新点在于探究亲代麦长管蚜经历紫外胁迫后对其子代生长、发育与繁殖的影响，为逆境胁迫下蚜虫的生态遗传与进化机理提供理论依据。 Abstract:Recently, ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) has been proven to have a strong selection pressure on the biosphere and ecological environment, significantly influencing living organisms. The rapid increase of solar UV-B reaching the surface of the earth is owing to stratospheric ozone depletion caused primarily by the Industrial Revolution. The responses of insect physioecology and growth to ultraviolet radiation enhancement have received increasing attention in the scientific community. Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Hemiptera:Aphididae) is a common wheat pest. It affects plants by ingesting sap from the ears, stems, leaves, and other tender plant parts. It also transmits viruses (e.g., barley yellow dwarf virus) during feeding, thereby reducing wheat yield and quality. It is a good subject for research because of its special characteristics of parthenogenesis and high fecundity. The increase of UV-B levels may fundamentally affect the population dynamics of S. avenae by altering its normal growth, development, and fecundity. The two-sex life table analysis is a common method to indicate biological growth, development, and fecundity, and includes the entire population (males, females, and those that die before the adult stages), so that the result is more realistic than analyses based only on the means of development time. To explore the effect on population dynamics of the offspring of S. avenae by exposing the mother generation to UV-B for a long time, the age-specific life table of S. avenae was established to evaluate life-table parameters of offspring of S. avenae. The mother generation was radiated to different intensities of UV-B (0, 0.5, 0.7 mW/cm2) for one, six, eleven, and fifteen generations. The results showed that:(1) There were no significant differences in the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) among the treatment group of each generation under low intensity of UV-B, whereas the parameters of r and λ first increased and then fell with generations under high intensity of UV-B. (2) The effect of UV-B on the fecundity (F), net reproductive rate (R0), mean generation time (T), oviposition duration, and adult longevity peaked in the seventh generation. Moreover, no significant difference was found in the seventh generation between the control and treatment groups. (3) When S. avenae were under different intensity of UV-B radiation in the same generation, most parameters in the treatments groups were significantly lower than those in the control except the parameter T in the second and sixteenth generation. However, no significant difference was found in the seventh generation between the control groups and treatment groups, whereas F, R0, T, oviposition days, and adult longevity all had significant differences, but there were no significant differences between other parameters in the twelfth generation. (4) The survival rate of offspring of S. avenae exposed to UV-B stress was significantly influenced. Our research showed that the effect of long-term UV-B stress on S. avenae was accumulated in the progeny, had different impacts in different generations. Our research showed the population dynamics of the offspring of S. avenae after the mother generation was influenced by UV-B; thus, the results may provide a theoretical basis for ecological genetics and evolutionary mechanisms of aphid under adversity stress. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献