Abstract
The feasibility to induce augmented dominant OAM modes by a π/2 aperture of three elements in space and weighted quasi-phase shifts is realised in this paper. It is shown through theory, numerical simulations and experimentation, that electromagnetic (EM) waves carrying non-integer OAM with dominant mode l = +1 in the microwave domain can be generated by a quarter of a full azimuthal annular aperture consisting of three elements and a weighted phase shift augmenting the expected conventional phase shift to reach Berry’s mode dominance theory of half integer l. With reference to the uncertainty principle of angular momentum and angular position, the proposed augmented OAM with weighted phase shift method seems to decrease mode uncertainties and augment mode dominance.
Highlights
The feasibility to induce augmented dominant Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes by a π/2 aperture of three elements in space and weighted quasi-phase shifts is realised in this paper
A π/2 aperture consisting of three elements is proposed with a weighted phase shift to augment the total endured phase shift, satisfying Berry’s total non-integer OAM strength theory[24] for intended l mode dominance
Phase weightings are introduced as another parameter in restricted apertures of N elements less than π, which is anticipated on the basis of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in quantum mechanics[25] to stabilise the OAM intended mode with a weighted quasi phase shift less than 2πl
Summary
The feasibility to induce augmented dominant OAM modes by a π/2 aperture of three elements in space and weighted quasi-phase shifts is realised in this paper. Much attention has been given to OAM from the research community for a diverse number of applications within the Optical, Millimetre Wave, Microwave, and Radio frequencies regimes.This is due to the inherently orthogonal nature of OAM carrying waves, which can take on a theoretically unlimited number of orthogonal states[2]. This new degree of freedom using an EM wave’s orthogonality meant that information can be encoded on the same frequency[3], alleviating spectral congestion and increasing channel capacity[4] in communications. Quasi-OAM generation with a lower limit on the number of elements required on the aperture with respect to the inter-element angle β, N
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