Utilization of Water Hyacinth and Spent Coffee Ground as Raw Materials to Produce Bio-Compost

Abstract

The study aims to utilize water hyacinth and spent coffee grounds (SGC) as raw materials to produce bio-compost and its effects on rice growth. Four different bio-compost formulations were produced. The water hyacinth (6 kg) and dried cow manure (2 kg) were thoroughly mixed and added with SGC+EM (Trial 1), SGC+water (Trial 2), EM (Trial 3), and water (Trial 4). At the end of fermentation, the 3 types of macronutrients (N, P, and K) were determined. Germination percentage and growth in response to this bio-compost were also assessed. The results found that the bio-compost consisted of N, P, and K, ranging from 311–350, 154–197, and 23–25 mg/100 g, respectively. All bio-composts had a favorable effect on the germination percentage, root and shoot lengths, and vigor index of rice seedlings in the seed germination assay. Trial 2 gave the highest root and shoot lengths of 7.32 and 4.35 cm, respectively, and the greatest value of 1051 of the vigor index. At 45 DAS, the results revealed that all trials of bio-compost had a beneficial influence on the development of rice seedlings by increasing root and shoot lengths and fresh and dried weights of rice seedlings, especially Trial 2, which consisted of SGC when compared to the controls. In this phenomenon, the presence of SGC at low concentrations could encourage rice growth.