Utilization of Sap from Part of Kepok Banana Tree (Musa Mcuninata Balbisianacolla) with Variation of Extraction Solutions as Textile Dyes

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to obtain tannin natural dyes from the sap of the fronds / stalks of kepok banana leaves, namely the percentage of yield, color intensity, time and good solvents for taking the most dyes in the sap of the banana tree. The extraction of dyes in various parts of banana trees was carried out by means of an extraction process using soxchlet, with a medium of distilled water, methanol, ethanol and ethylacetate. The raw material was sliced, dried to + 6.7% moisture content, ground powder made from size 60-80 mesh. The powder was weighed 50 grams and extracted with each medium solution in 500ml at each evaporation temperature, the results were evaporated to dryness. Test the tannin color intensity with a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the optimal amount of sap yield on the banana midrib was 16,248%, the color intensity of tannin obtained was 0.218 in methanol solvent products. The solvent which can provide the optimal yield in extracting tannins from banana leaf midrib was methanol. The time of the extraction process to the maximum out tannin was 4-4.5 hours