Coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn.) Root Extraction and Application as A Fabric Dye with Different Particle Sizes and Extraction Methods

Abstract

Coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn.) root can be used as an alternative to natural dyes because it contains color pigments in the form of flavonoids. Extraction of natural dyes is affected by several factors such as the type of solvent, extraction temperature, ratio of solvent and raw material, particle size, stirring, and extraction time. This study ware aims to determine combination factor of the particles size and extraction methods of coconut root dye on the characteristics and colour fastness of the fabric products. The coconut root powder in 60 and 40 mesh sizes were extracted by boiling distilled water and maceration with 70 and 95% ethanol, respectively. The coconut root dye was tested for the color characteristics and the dye solution was applied to the fabric and tested for the color fastness. The results showed that the particle size and extraction methods used had a significant effect on color intensity while pH value and color index were not significantly different. The highest color intensity was 2.044, the effect of temperature at 30 was 1.949, and the effect of temperature at 100°C was 1.920. The pH value of the coconut root dye solution is acidic with an average pH of 5.85 while the color names from the test results using NADIM 2021 produce three color categories, namely foxtrot, tobacco brown, and pale gold. Although it is not significantly affected by the combination of material size factors and the extraction methods of coconut root dye solution, the results of the color fastness test tend to meet the standards of SNI 8302-2016 regarding the quality requirements for the fastness of written batik. The average grey scale value for each test is 3-4 (Good enough), the staining scale value is 4-5 (Good), and the sunlight resistance test value is 4 (Good).