Abstract
Drug utilization research is an important tool to analyze the use of drugs with special emphasis on medical, social, and economic consequences in society. This study aims to find out the utilization of pre-anesthetic medications in a major surgical procedure. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 15th April - 15th August 2019 in the postoperative ward at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The convenience sampling method was used after ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. About 400 patients were studied. The collected data were entered into a statistical package for social science version 20 for further calculations at 95% Confidence Interval. Out of 400 patients, 215 (53.8%) of patients were underwent into different major surgeries. All patients received midazolam 2 mg except children (1 mg) and Pethidine 25 mg along with 0.2 mg glycopyrrolate 352 (88%), ondansetron 276 (69%) and others 58 (14.5%) as a preanesthetic agent. For general anesthesia propofol, 30 mg have been utilized followed by fentanyl 306 (76.5%) and others (halothane, isoflurane, etc) 115 (28.8%). In case of prophylactic drug were ceftriaxone 500 mg, 100 mg metoclopramide 387 (96.8%), dexamethasone 251 (62.8%), tramadol 237 (59.3%), 15 mg ketorolac 368 (92%), ranitidine 163 (40.8%), and pantoprazole 237 (59.3%). The most commonly administered pre-anesthetic drugs were midazolam, pethidine, glycopyrrolate, and ondansetron. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting the patient within 24 hours after surgery was significantly very low.
Highlights
Drug utilization research is an important tool to analyze the use of drugs with special emphasis on medical, social, and economic consequences in society
The drugs administered as post-operative prophylaxis were ceftriaxone 500 mg to all patients followed by 100 mg metoclopramide
Propofol from general anesthesia was mostly utilized in Di Filippo, et al,[15,16] which was similar to our finding
Summary
Drug utilization research is an important tool to analyze the use of drugs with special emphasis on medical, social, and economic consequences in society. This study aims to find out the utilization of pre-anesthetic medications in a major surgical procedure. Approximately more than 310 million operations are performed,[1] among them more than 200 million patients underwent major surgery.[2] Pre-anesthetic medications are the drugs used before administration of an anesthetic agent.[3] Introduction of such medication play the key role for improvement in the quality of health by counteracting stress and fear of surgery.[4,5]. About one-third of surgical patients received general anesthesia experience postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).[6] After pain, PONV is the second most complaint in the post-operative ward. The patients who are not under PONV prophylaxis, the incidence rate of PONV was 70-80 %.7. To minimized the PONV several new drugs have been introduced but the incidence rate The patients who are not under PONV prophylaxis, the incidence rate of PONV was 70-80 %.7 To minimized the PONV several new drugs have been introduced but the incidence rate
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